Nouns, like verbs, are divided into groups, called declensions. There are five
declensions and three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter.
The stem of a noun is the basic part of the noun that doesn't change. To get
the stem of a noun, take the genitive singular of the noun, and take off its
ending. Let's see two examples: the stem of puella is
puell, while the stem of rex is
reg, because its genitive is reg-is.
Table 8.11. Noun listings
SINGULAR | 1st Feminine | 2nd Masculine | 2nd Neuter | 3rd Masc/Fem | 3rd Neuter | 4th Masculine | 4th Neuter | 5th Feminine |
| | | | | | | | |
Nominative | puell-a | serv-us | bell-um | rex | opus | grad-us | genu | res |
Vocative | puell-a | serv-e | bell-um | rex | opus | grad-us | genu | res |
Accusative | puell-am | serv-um | bell-um | reg-em | opus | grad-um | genu | re-m |
Genitive | puell-ae | serv-i | bell-i | reg-is | oper-is | grad-us | gen-u | re-i |
Dative | puell-ae | serv-o | bell-o | reg-i | oper-i | grad-ui | gen-u | re-i |
Ablative | puell-a | serv-o | bell-o | reg-e | oper-e | grad-u | gen-u | re |
| | | | | | | | |
PLURAL | | | | | | | | |
Nominative | puell-ae | serv-i | bell-a | reg-es | oper-a | grad-us | gen-ua | res |
Vocative | puell-ae | serv-i | bell-a | reg-es | oper-a | grad-us | gen-ua | res |
Accusative | puell-as | serv-os | bell-a | reg-es | oper-a | grad-us | gen-ua | res |
Genitive | puell-arum | serv-orum | bell-orum | reg-um | oper-um | grad-uum | gen-uum | re-rum |
Dative | puell-is | serv-is | bell-is | reg-ibus | oper-ibus | grad-ibus | gen-ibus | re-bus |
Ablative | puell-is | serv-is | bell-is | reg-ibus | oper-ibus | grad-ibus | gen-ibus | re-bus |