activation.cpp

00001 /*****************************************************************
00002  KWin - the KDE window manager
00003  This file is part of the KDE project.
00004 
00005 Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Matthias Ettrich <ettrich@kde.org>
00006 Copyright (C) 2003 Lubos Lunak <l.lunak@kde.org>
00007 
00008 You can Freely distribute this program under the GNU General Public
00009 License. See the file "COPYING" for the exact licensing terms.
00010 ******************************************************************/
00011 
00012 /*
00013 
00014  This file contains things relevant to window activation and focus
00015  stealing prevention.
00016 
00017 */
00018 
00019 #include "client.h"
00020 #include "workspace.h"
00021 
00022 #include <fixx11h.h>
00023 #include <qpopupmenu.h>
00024 #include <kxerrorhandler.h>
00025 #include <kstartupinfo.h>
00026 #include <kstringhandler.h>
00027 #include <klocale.h>
00028 
00029 #include "notifications.h"
00030 #include "atoms.h"
00031 #include "group.h"
00032 #include "rules.h"
00033 
00034 extern Time qt_x_time;
00035 
00036 namespace KWinInternal
00037 {
00038 
00039 /*
00040  Prevention of focus stealing:
00041 
00042  KWin tries to prevent unwanted changes of focus, that would result
00043  from mapping a new window. Also, some nasty applications may try
00044  to force focus change even in cases when ICCCM 4.2.7 doesn't allow it
00045  (e.g. they may try to activate their main window because the user
00046  definitely "needs" to see something happened - misusing
00047  of QWidget::setActiveWindow() may be such case).
00048 
00049  There are 4 ways how a window may become active:
00050  - the user changes the active window (e.g. focus follows mouse, clicking
00051    on some window's titlebar) - the change of focus will
00052    be done by KWin, so there's nothing to solve in this case
00053  - the change of active window will be requested using the _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW
00054    message (handled in RootInfo::changeActiveWindow()) - such requests
00055    will be obeyed, because this request is meant mainly for e.g. taskbar
00056    asking the WM to change the active window as a result of some user action.
00057    Normal applications should use this request only rarely in special cases.
00058    See also below the discussion of _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW_TRANSFER.
00059  - the change of active window will be done by performing XSetInputFocus()
00060    on a window that's not currently active. ICCCM 4.2.7 describes when
00061    the application may perform change of input focus. In order to handle
00062    misbehaving applications, KWin will try to detect focus changes to
00063    windows that don't belong to currently active application, and restore
00064    focus back to the currently active window, instead of activating the window
00065    that got focus (unfortunately there's no way to FocusChangeRedirect similar
00066    to e.g. SubstructureRedirect, so there will be short time when the focus
00067    will be changed). The check itself that's done is
00068    Workspace::allowClientActivation() (see below).
00069  - a new window will be mapped - this is the most complicated case. If
00070    the new window belongs to the currently active application, it may be safely
00071    mapped on top and activated. The same if there's no active window,
00072    or the active window is the desktop. These checks are done by
00073    Workspace::allowClientActivation().
00074     Following checks need to compare times. One time is the timestamp
00075    of last user action in the currently active window, the other time is
00076    the timestamp of the action that originally caused mapping of the new window
00077    (e.g. when the application was started). If the first time is newer than
00078    the second one, the window will not be activated, as that indicates
00079    futher user actions took place after the action leading to this new
00080    mapped window. This check is done by Workspace::allowClientActivation().
00081     There are several ways how to get the timestamp of action that caused
00082    the new mapped window (done in Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp()) :
00083      - the window may have the _NET_WM_USER_TIME property. This way
00084        the application may either explicitly request that the window is not
00085        activated (by using 0 timestamp), or the property contains the time
00086        of last user action in the application.
00087      - KWin itself tries to detect time of last user action in every window,
00088        by watching KeyPress and ButtonPress events on windows. This way some
00089        events may be missed (if they don't propagate to the toplevel window),
00090        but it's good as a fallback for applications that don't provide
00091        _NET_WM_USER_TIME, and missing some events may at most lead
00092        to unwanted focus stealing.
00093      - the timestamp may come from application startup notification.
00094        Application startup notification, if it exists for the new mapped window,
00095        should include time of the user action that caused it.
00096      - if there's no timestamp available, it's checked whether the new window
00097        belongs to some already running application - if yes, the timestamp
00098        will be 0 (i.e. refuse activation)
00099      - if the window is from session restored window, the timestamp will
00100        be 0 too, unless this application was the active one at the time
00101        when the session was saved, in which case the window will be
00102        activated if there wasn't any user interaction since the time
00103        KWin was started.
00104      - as the last resort, the _KDE_NET_USER_CREATION_TIME timestamp
00105        is used. For every toplevel window that is created (see CreateNotify
00106        handling), this property is set to the at that time current time.
00107        Since at this time it's known that the new window doesn't belong
00108        to any existing application (better said, the application doesn't
00109        have any other window mapped), it is either the very first window
00110        of the application, or its the only window of the application
00111        that was hidden before. The latter case is handled by removing
00112        the property from windows before withdrawing them, making
00113        the timestamp empty for next mapping of the window. In the sooner
00114        case, the timestamp will be used. This helps in case when
00115        an application is launched without application startup notification,
00116        it creates its mainwindow, and starts its initialization (that
00117        may possibly take long time). The timestamp used will be older
00118        than any user action done after launching this application.
00119      - if no timestamp is found at all, the window is activated.
00120     The check whether two windows belong to the same application (same
00121    process) is done in Client::belongToSameApplication(). Not 100% reliable,
00122    but hopefully 99,99% reliable.
00123 
00124  As a somewhat special case, window activation is always enabled when
00125  session saving is in progress. When session saving, the session
00126  manager allows only one application to interact with the user.
00127  Not allowing window activation in such case would result in e.g. dialogs
00128  not becoming active, so focus stealing prevention would cause here
00129  more harm than good.
00130 
00131  Windows that attempted to become active but KWin prevented this will
00132  be marked as demanding user attention. They'll get
00133  the _NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION state, and the taskbar should mark
00134  them specially (blink, etc.). The state will be reset when the window
00135  eventually really becomes active.
00136 
00137  There are one more ways how a window can become obstrusive, window stealing
00138  focus: By showing above the active window, by either raising itself,
00139  or by moving itself on the active desktop.
00140      - KWin will refuse raising non-active window above the active one,
00141          unless they belong to the same application. Applications shouldn't
00142          raise their windows anyway (unless the app wants to raise one
00143          of its windows above another of its windows).
00144      - KWin activates windows moved to the current desktop (as that seems
00145          logical from the user's point of view, after sending the window
00146          there directly from KWin, or e.g. using pager). This means
00147          applications shouldn't send their windows to another desktop
00148          (SELI TODO - but what if they do?)
00149 
00150  Special cases I can think of:
00151     - konqueror reusing, i.e. kfmclient tells running Konqueror instance
00152         to open new window
00153         - without focus stealing prevention - no problem
00154         - with ASN (application startup notification) - ASN is forwarded,
00155             and because it's newer than the instance's user timestamp,
00156             it takes precedence
00157         - without ASN - user timestamp needs to be reset, otherwise it would
00158             be used, and it's old; moreover this new window mustn't be detected
00159             as window belonging to already running application, or it wouldn't
00160             be activated - see Client::sameAppWindowRoleMatch() for the (rather ugly)
00161             hack
00162     - konqueror preloading, i.e. window is created in advance, and kfmclient
00163         tells this Konqueror instance to show it later
00164         - without focus stealing prevention - no problem
00165         - with ASN - ASN is forwarded, and because it's newer than the instance's
00166             user timestamp, it takes precedence
00167         - without ASN - user timestamp needs to be reset, otherwise it would
00168             be used, and it's old; also, creation timestamp is changed to
00169             the time the instance starts (re-)initializing the window,
00170             this ensures creation timestamp will still work somewhat even in this case
00171     - KUniqueApplication - when the window is already visible, and the new instance
00172         wants it to activate
00173         - without focus stealing prevention - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW - no problem
00174         - with ASN - ASN is forwarded, and set on the already visible window, KWin
00175             treats the window as new with that ASN
00176         - without ASN - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW as application request is used,
00177                 and there's no really usable timestamp, only timestamp
00178                 from the time the (new) application instance was started,
00179                 so KWin will activate the window *sigh*
00180                 - the bad thing here is that there's absolutely no chance to recognize
00181                     the case of starting this KUniqueApp from Konsole (and thus wanting
00182                     the already visible window to become active) from the case
00183                     when something started this KUniqueApp without ASN (in which case
00184                     the already visible window shouldn't become active)
00185                 - the only solution is using ASN for starting applications, at least silent
00186                     (i.e. without feedback)
00187     - when one application wants to activate another application's window (e.g. KMail
00188         activating already running KAddressBook window ?)
00189         - without focus stealing prevention - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW - no problem
00190         - with ASN - can't be here, it's the KUniqueApp case then
00191         - without ASN - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW as application request should be used,
00192             KWin will activate the new window depending on the timestamp and
00193             whether it belongs to the currently active application
00194 
00195  _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW usage:
00196  data.l[0]= 1 ->app request
00197           = 2 ->pager request
00198           = 0 - backwards compatibility
00199  data.l[1]= timestamp
00200 */
00201 
00202 
00203 //****************************************
00204 // Workspace
00205 //****************************************
00206 
00207 
00216 void Workspace::setActiveClient( Client* c, allowed_t )
00217     {
00218     if ( active_client == c )
00219         return;
00220     if( active_popup && active_popup_client != c && set_active_client_recursion == 0 ) 
00221         closeActivePopup();
00222     StackingUpdatesBlocker blocker( this );
00223     ++set_active_client_recursion;
00224     if( active_client != NULL )
00225         { // note that this may call setActiveClient( NULL ), therefore the recursion counter
00226             active_client->setActive( false, !c || !c->isModal() || c != active_client->transientFor() );
00227     }
00228     active_client = c;
00229     Q_ASSERT( c == NULL || c->isActive());
00230     if( active_client != NULL )
00231         last_active_client = active_client;
00232     if ( active_client ) 
00233         {
00234         focus_chain.remove( c );
00235         if ( c->wantsTabFocus() )
00236             focus_chain.append( c );
00237         active_client->demandAttention( false );
00238         }
00239     pending_take_activity = NULL;
00240 
00241     updateCurrentTopMenu();
00242     updateToolWindows( false );
00243     if( c )
00244         disableGlobalShortcutsForClient( c->rules()->checkDisableGlobalShortcuts( false ));
00245     else
00246         disableGlobalShortcutsForClient( false );
00247 
00248     updateStackingOrder(); // e.g. fullscreens have different layer when active/not-active
00249 
00250     rootInfo->setActiveWindow( active_client? active_client->window() : 0 );
00251     updateColormap();
00252     --set_active_client_recursion;
00253     }
00254 
00266 void Workspace::activateClient( Client* c, bool force )
00267     {
00268     if( c == NULL )
00269         {
00270         setActiveClient( NULL, Allowed );
00271         return;
00272         }
00273     raiseClient( c );
00274     if (!c->isOnDesktop(currentDesktop()) )
00275         {
00276         ++block_focus;
00277         setCurrentDesktop( c->desktop() );
00278         --block_focus;
00279         }
00280     if( c->isMinimized())
00281         c->unminimize();
00282 
00283 // TODO force should perhaps allow this only if the window already contains the mouse
00284     if( options->focusPolicyIsReasonable() || force )
00285         requestFocus( c, force );
00286 
00287     // Don't update user time for clients that have focus stealing workaround.
00288     // As they usually belong to the current active window but fail to provide
00289     // this information, updating their user time would make the user time
00290     // of the currently active window old, and reject further activation for it.
00291     // E.g. typing URL in minicli which will show kio_uiserver dialog (with workaround),
00292     // and then kdesktop shows dialog about SSL certificate.
00293     // This needs also avoiding user creation time in Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp().
00294     if( !c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00295         c->updateUserTime();
00296     }
00297 
00305 void Workspace::requestFocus( Client* c, bool force )
00306     {
00307     takeActivity( c, ActivityFocus | ( force ? ActivityFocusForce : 0 ), false);
00308     }
00309     
00310 void Workspace::takeActivity( Client* c, int flags, bool handled )
00311     {
00312      // the 'if( c == active_client ) return;' optimization mustn't be done here
00313     if (!focusChangeEnabled() && ( c != active_client) )
00314         flags &= ~ActivityFocus;
00315 
00316     if ( !c ) 
00317         {
00318         focusToNull();
00319         return;
00320         }
00321 
00322     if( flags & ActivityFocus )
00323         {
00324         Client* modal = c->findModal();
00325         if( modal != NULL && modal != c )   
00326             { 
00327             if( !modal->isOnDesktop( c->desktop()))
00328                 {
00329                 modal->setDesktop( c->desktop());
00330                 if( modal->desktop() != c->desktop()) // forced desktop
00331                     activateClient( modal );
00332                 }
00333             // if the click was inside the window (i.e. handled is set),
00334             // but it has a modal, there's no need to use handled mode, because
00335             // the modal doesn't get the click anyway
00336             // raising of the original window needs to be still done
00337             if( flags & ActivityRaise )
00338                 raiseClient( c );
00339             c = modal;
00340             handled = false;
00341             }
00342         cancelDelayFocus();
00343         }
00344     if ( !( flags & ActivityFocusForce ) && ( c->isTopMenu() || c->isDock() || c->isSplash()) )
00345         flags &= ~ActivityFocus; // toplevel menus and dock windows don't take focus if not forced
00346     if( c->isShade())
00347         {
00348         if( c->wantsInput() && ( flags & ActivityFocus ))
00349             {
00350         // client cannot accept focus, but at least the window should be active (window menu, et. al. )
00351             c->setActive( true );
00352             focusToNull();
00353             }
00354         flags &= ~ActivityFocus;
00355         handled = false; // no point, can't get clicks
00356         }
00357     if( !c->isShown( true )) // shouldn't happen, call activateClient() if needed
00358         {
00359         kdWarning( 1212 ) << "takeActivity: not shown" << endl;
00360         return;
00361         }
00362     c->takeActivity( flags, handled, Allowed );
00363     }
00364 
00365 void Workspace::handleTakeActivity( Client* c, Time /*timestamp*/, int flags )
00366     {
00367     if( pending_take_activity != c ) // pending_take_activity is reset when doing restack or activation
00368         return;
00369     if(( flags & ActivityRaise ) != 0 )
00370         raiseClient( c );
00371     if(( flags & ActivityFocus ) != 0 && c->isShown( false ))
00372         c->takeFocus( Allowed );
00373     pending_take_activity = NULL;
00374     }
00375 
00383 void Workspace::clientHidden( Client* c )
00384     {
00385     assert( !c->isShown( true ) || !c->isOnCurrentDesktop());
00386     activateNextClient( c );
00387     }
00388 
00389 // deactivates 'c' and activates next client
00390 bool Workspace::activateNextClient( Client* c )
00391     {
00392     // if 'c' is not the active or the to-become active one, do nothing
00393     if( !( c == active_client
00394             || ( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && c == should_get_focus.last())))
00395         return false;
00396     closeActivePopup();
00397     if( c != NULL )
00398         {
00399         if( c == active_client )
00400             setActiveClient( NULL, Allowed );
00401         should_get_focus.remove( c );
00402         }
00403     if( focusChangeEnabled())
00404         {
00405         if ( c != NULL && c->wantsTabFocus() && focus_chain.contains( c ) )
00406             {
00407             focus_chain.remove( c );
00408             focus_chain.prepend( c );
00409             }
00410         if ( options->focusPolicyIsReasonable())
00411             { // search the focus_chain for a client to transfer focus to
00412           // if 'c' is transient, transfer focus to the first suitable mainwindow
00413             Client* get_focus = NULL;
00414             const ClientList mainwindows = ( c != NULL ? c->mainClients() : ClientList());
00415             for( ClientList::ConstIterator it = focus_chain.fromLast();
00416                  it != focus_chain.end();
00417                  --it )
00418                 {
00419                 if( !(*it)->isShown( false ) || !(*it)->isOnCurrentDesktop())
00420                     continue;
00421                 if( mainwindows.contains( *it ))
00422                     {
00423                     get_focus = *it;
00424                     break;
00425                     }
00426                 if( get_focus == NULL )
00427                     get_focus = *it;
00428                 }
00429             if( get_focus == NULL )
00430                 get_focus = findDesktop( true, currentDesktop());
00431             if( get_focus != NULL )
00432                 requestFocus( get_focus );
00433             else
00434                 focusToNull();
00435             }
00436             else
00437                 return false;
00438         }
00439     else
00440         // if blocking focus, move focus to the desktop later if needed
00441         // in order to avoid flickering
00442         focusToNull();
00443     return true;
00444     }
00445 
00446 
00447 void Workspace::gotFocusIn( const Client* c )
00448     {
00449     if( should_get_focus.contains( const_cast< Client* >( c )))
00450         { // remove also all sooner elements that should have got FocusIn,
00451       // but didn't for some reason (and also won't anymore, because they were sooner)
00452         while( should_get_focus.first() != c )
00453             should_get_focus.pop_front();
00454         should_get_focus.pop_front(); // remove 'c'
00455         }
00456     }
00457 
00458 void Workspace::setShouldGetFocus( Client* c )
00459     {
00460     should_get_focus.append( c );
00461     updateStackingOrder(); // e.g. fullscreens have different layer when active/not-active
00462     }
00463 
00464 // focus_in -> the window got FocusIn event
00465 // session_active -> the window was active when saving session
00466 bool Workspace::allowClientActivation( const Client* c, Time time, bool focus_in )
00467     {
00468     // options->focusStealingPreventionLevel :
00469     // 0 - none    - old KWin behaviour, new windows always get focus
00470     // 1 - low     - focus stealing prevention is applied normally, when unsure, activation is allowed
00471     // 2 - normal  - focus stealing prevention is applied normally, when unsure, activation is not allowed,
00472     //              this is the default
00473     // 3 - high    - new window gets focus only if it belongs to the active application,
00474     //              or when no window is currently active
00475     // 4 - extreme - no window gets focus without user intervention
00476     if( time == -1U )
00477         time = c->userTime();
00478     int level = c->rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel );
00479     if( session_saving && level <= 2 ) // <= normal
00480         {
00481         return true;
00482         }
00483     Client* ac = mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00484     if( focus_in )
00485         {
00486         if( should_get_focus.contains( const_cast< Client* >( c )))
00487             return true; // FocusIn was result of KWin's action
00488         // Before getting FocusIn, the active Client already
00489         // got FocusOut, and therefore got deactivated.
00490         ac = last_active_client;
00491         }
00492     if( time == 0 ) // explicitly asked not to get focus
00493         return false;
00494     if( level == 0 ) // none
00495         return true;
00496     if( level == 4 ) // extreme
00497         return false;
00498     if( !c->isOnCurrentDesktop())
00499         return false; // allow only with level == 0
00500     if( c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00501         return true;
00502     if( ac == NULL || ac->isDesktop())
00503         {
00504         kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: No client active, allowing" << endl;
00505         return true; // no active client -> always allow
00506         }
00507     // TODO window urgency  -> return true?
00508     if( Client::belongToSameApplication( c, ac, true ))
00509         {
00510         kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: Belongs to active application" << endl;
00511         return true;
00512         }
00513     if( level == 3 ) // high
00514         return false;
00515     if( time == -1U )  // no time known
00516         {
00517         kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: No timestamp at all" << endl;
00518         if( level == 1 ) // low
00519             return true;
00520         // no timestamp at all, don't activate - because there's also creation timestamp
00521         // done on CreateNotify, this case should happen only in case application
00522         // maps again already used window, i.e. this won't happen after app startup
00523         return false; 
00524         }
00525     // level == 2 // normal
00526     Time user_time = ac->userTime();
00527     kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation, compared:" << c << ":" << time << ":" << user_time
00528         << ":" << ( timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0 ) << endl;
00529     return timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0; // time >= user_time
00530     }
00531 
00532 // basically the same like allowClientActivation(), this time allowing
00533 // a window to be fully raised upon its own request (XRaiseWindow),
00534 // if refused, it will be raised only on top of windows belonging
00535 // to the same application
00536 bool Workspace::allowFullClientRaising( const Client* c, Time time )
00537     {
00538     int level = c->rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel );
00539     if( session_saving && level <= 2 ) // <= normal
00540         {
00541         return true;
00542         }
00543     Client* ac = mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00544     if( level == 0 ) // none
00545         return true;
00546     if( level == 4 ) // extreme
00547         return false;
00548     if( ac == NULL || ac->isDesktop())
00549         {
00550         kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising: No client active, allowing" << endl;
00551         return true; // no active client -> always allow
00552         }
00553     if( c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00554         return true;
00555     // TODO window urgency  -> return true?
00556     if( Client::belongToSameApplication( c, ac, true ))
00557         {
00558         kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising: Belongs to active application" << endl;
00559         return true;
00560         }
00561     if( level == 3 ) // high
00562         return false;
00563     Time user_time = ac->userTime();
00564     kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising, compared:" << time << ":" << user_time
00565         << ":" << ( timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0 ) << endl;
00566     return timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0; // time >= user_time
00567     }
00568 
00569 // called from Client after FocusIn that wasn't initiated by KWin and the client
00570 // wasn't allowed to activate
00571 void Workspace::restoreFocus()
00572     {
00573     // this updateXTime() is necessary - as FocusIn events don't have
00574     // a timestamp *sigh*, kwin's timestamp would be older than the timestamp
00575     // that was used by whoever caused the focus change, and therefore
00576     // the attempt to restore the focus would fail due to old timestamp
00577     updateXTime();
00578     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 )
00579         requestFocus( should_get_focus.last());
00580     else if( last_active_client )
00581         requestFocus( last_active_client );
00582     }
00583 
00584 void Workspace::clientAttentionChanged( Client* c, bool set )
00585     {
00586     if( set )
00587         {
00588         attention_chain.remove( c );
00589         attention_chain.prepend( c );
00590         }
00591     else
00592         attention_chain.remove( c );
00593     }
00594 
00595 // This is used when a client should be shown active immediately after requestFocus(),
00596 // without waiting for the matching FocusIn that will really make the window the active one.
00597 // Used only in special cases, e.g. for MouseActivateRaiseandMove with transparent windows,
00598 bool Workspace::fakeRequestedActivity( Client* c )
00599     {
00600     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && should_get_focus.last() == c )
00601         {
00602         if( c->isActive())
00603             return false;
00604         c->setActive( true );
00605         return true;
00606         }
00607     return false;
00608     }
00609 
00610 void Workspace::unfakeActivity( Client* c )
00611     {
00612     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && should_get_focus.last() == c )
00613         { // TODO this will cause flicker, and probably is not needed
00614         if( last_active_client != NULL )
00615             last_active_client->setActive( true );
00616         else
00617             c->setActive( false );
00618         }
00619     }
00620 
00621 
00622 //********************************************
00623 // Client
00624 //********************************************
00625 
00632 void Client::updateUserTime( Time time )
00633     { // copied in Group::updateUserTime
00634     if( time == CurrentTime )
00635         time = qt_x_time;
00636     if( time != -1U
00637         && ( user_time == CurrentTime
00638             || timestampCompare( time, user_time ) > 0 )) // time > user_time
00639         user_time = time;
00640     }
00641 
00642 Time Client::readUserCreationTime() const
00643     {
00644     long result = -1; // Time == -1 means none
00645     Atom type;
00646     int format, status;
00647     unsigned long nitems = 0;
00648     unsigned long extra = 0;
00649     unsigned char *data = 0;
00650     KXErrorHandler handler; // ignore errors?
00651     status = XGetWindowProperty( qt_xdisplay(), window(),
00652         atoms->kde_net_wm_user_creation_time, 0, 10000, FALSE, XA_CARDINAL,
00653         &type, &format, &nitems, &extra, &data );
00654     if (status  == Success )
00655         {
00656         if (data && nitems > 0)
00657             result = *((long*) data);
00658         XFree(data);
00659         }
00660     return result;       
00661     }
00662 
00663 void Client::demandAttention( bool set )
00664     {
00665     if( isActive())
00666         set = false;
00667     if( demands_attention == set )
00668         return;
00669     demands_attention = set;
00670     if( demands_attention )
00671         {
00672         // Demand attention flag is often set right from manage(), when focus stealing prevention
00673         // steps in. At that time the window has no taskbar entry yet, so KNotify cannot place
00674         // e.g. the passive popup next to it. So wait up to 1 second for the icon geometry
00675         // to be set.
00676         // Delayed call to KNotify also solves the problem of having X server grab in manage(),
00677         // which may deadlock when KNotify (or KLauncher when launching KNotify) need to access X.
00678         Notify::Event e = isOnCurrentDesktop() ? Notify::DemandAttentionCurrent : Notify::DemandAttentionOther;
00679         // Setting the demands attention state needs to be done directly in KWin, because
00680         // KNotify would try to set it, resulting in a call to KNotify again, etc.
00681         if( Notify::makeDemandAttention( e ))
00682             info->setState( set ? NET::DemandsAttention : 0, NET::DemandsAttention );
00683 
00684         if( demandAttentionKNotifyTimer == NULL )
00685             {
00686             demandAttentionKNotifyTimer = new QTimer( this );
00687             connect( demandAttentionKNotifyTimer, SIGNAL( timeout()), SLOT( demandAttentionKNotify()));
00688             }
00689         demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->start( 1000, true );
00690         }
00691     else
00692         info->setState( set ? NET::DemandsAttention : 0, NET::DemandsAttention );
00693     workspace()->clientAttentionChanged( this, set );
00694     }
00695 
00696 void Client::demandAttentionKNotify()
00697     {
00698     Notify::Event e = isOnCurrentDesktop() ? Notify::DemandAttentionCurrent : Notify::DemandAttentionOther;
00699     Notify::raise( e, i18n( "Window '%1' demands attention." ).arg( KStringHandler::csqueeze(caption())), this );
00700     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->stop();
00701     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->deleteLater();
00702     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer = NULL;
00703     }
00704 
00705 // TODO I probably shouldn't be lazy here and do it without the macro, so that people can read it
00706 KWIN_COMPARE_PREDICATE( SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate, const Client*,
00707     // ignore already existing splashes, toolbars, utilities, menus and topmenus,
00708     // as the app may show those before the main window
00709     !cl->isSplash() && !cl->isToolbar() && !cl->isTopMenu() && !cl->isUtility() && !cl->isMenu()
00710     && Client::belongToSameApplication( cl, value, true ) && cl != value);
00711 
00712 Time Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp( const KStartupInfoId* asn_id, const KStartupInfoData* asn_data,
00713     bool session ) const
00714     {
00715     Time time = info->userTime();
00716     kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, initial:" << time << endl;
00717     // newer ASN timestamp always replaces user timestamp, unless user timestamp is 0
00718     // helps e.g. with konqy reusing
00719     if( asn_data != NULL && time != 0 )
00720         {
00721         // prefer timestamp from ASN id (timestamp from data is obsolete way)
00722         if( asn_id->timestamp() != 0
00723             && ( time == -1U || timestampCompare( asn_id->timestamp(), time ) > 0 ))
00724             {
00725             time = asn_id->timestamp();
00726             }
00727         else if( asn_data->timestamp() != -1U
00728             && ( time == -1U || timestampCompare( asn_data->timestamp(), time ) > 0 ))
00729             {
00730             time = asn_data->timestamp();
00731             }
00732         }
00733     kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, ASN:" << time << endl;
00734     if( time == -1U )
00735         { // The window doesn't have any timestamp.
00736       // If it's the first window for its application
00737       // (i.e. there's no other window from the same app),
00738       // use the _KDE_NET_WM_USER_CREATION_TIME trick.
00739       // Otherwise, refuse activation of a window
00740       // from already running application if this application
00741       // is not the active one (unless focus stealing prevention is turned off).
00742         Client* act = workspace()->mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00743         if( act != NULL && !belongToSameApplication( act, this, true ))
00744             {
00745             bool first_window = true;
00746             if( isTransient())
00747                 {
00748                 if( act->hasTransient( this, true ))
00749                     ; // is transient for currently active window, even though it's not
00750                       // the same app (e.g. kcookiejar dialog) -> allow activation
00751                 else if( groupTransient() &&
00752                     findClientInList( mainClients(), SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate( this )) == NULL )
00753                     ; // standalone transient
00754                 else
00755                     first_window = false;
00756                 }
00757             else
00758                 {
00759                 if( workspace()->findClient( SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate( this )))
00760                     first_window = false;
00761                 }
00762             // don't refuse if focus stealing prevention is turned off
00763             if( !first_window && rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel ) > 0 )
00764                 {
00765                 kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, already exists:" << 0 << endl;
00766                 return 0; // refuse activation
00767                 }
00768             }
00769         // Creation time would just mess things up during session startup,
00770         // as possibly many apps are started up at the same time.
00771         // If there's no active window yet, no timestamp will be needed,
00772         // as plain Workspace::allowClientActivation() will return true
00773         // in such case. And if there's already active window,
00774         // it's better not to activate the new one.
00775         // Unless it was the active window at the time
00776         // of session saving and there was no user interaction yet,
00777         // this check will be done in manage().
00778         if( session )
00779             return -1U;
00780         if( ignoreFocusStealing() && act != NULL )
00781             time = act->userTime();
00782         else
00783             time = readUserCreationTime();
00784         }
00785     kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, final:" << this << ":" << time << endl;
00786     return time;
00787     }
00788 
00789 Time Client::userTime() const
00790     {
00791     Time time = user_time;
00792     if( time == 0 ) // doesn't want focus after showing
00793         return 0;
00794     assert( group() != NULL );
00795     if( time == -1U
00796          || ( group()->userTime() != -1U
00797                  && timestampCompare( group()->userTime(), time ) > 0 ))
00798         time = group()->userTime();
00799     return time;
00800     }
00801 
00813 void Client::setActive( bool act, bool updateOpacity_)
00814     {
00815     if ( active == act )
00816         return;
00817     active = act;
00818     workspace()->setActiveClient( act ? this : NULL, Allowed );
00819     
00820     if (updateOpacity_) updateOpacity();
00821     if (isModal() && transientFor())
00822     {
00823         if (!act) transientFor()->updateOpacity();
00824         else if (!transientFor()->custom_opacity) transientFor()->setOpacity(options->translucentActiveWindows, options->activeWindowOpacity);
00825     }
00826     updateShadowSize();
00827     
00828     if ( active )
00829         Notify::raise( Notify::Activate );
00830 
00831     if( !active )
00832         cancelAutoRaise();
00833 
00834     if( !active && shade_mode == ShadeActivated )
00835         setShade( ShadeNormal );
00836         
00837     StackingUpdatesBlocker blocker( workspace());
00838     workspace()->updateClientLayer( this ); // active windows may get different layer
00839     // TODO optimize? mainClients() may be a bit expensive
00840     ClientList mainclients = mainClients();
00841     for( ClientList::ConstIterator it = mainclients.begin();
00842          it != mainclients.end();
00843          ++it )
00844         if( (*it)->isFullScreen()) // fullscreens go high even if their transient is active
00845             workspace()->updateClientLayer( *it );
00846     if( decoration != NULL )
00847         decoration->activeChange();
00848     updateMouseGrab();
00849     updateUrgency(); // demand attention again if it's still urgent
00850     }
00851 
00852 void Client::startupIdChanged()
00853     {
00854     KStartupInfoId asn_id;
00855     KStartupInfoData asn_data;
00856     bool asn_valid = workspace()->checkStartupNotification( window(), asn_id, asn_data );
00857     if( !asn_valid )
00858         return;
00859     // If the ASN contains desktop, move it to the desktop, otherwise move it to the current
00860     // desktop (since the new ASN should make the window act like if it's a new application
00861     // launched). However don't affect the window's desktop if it's set to be on all desktops.
00862     int desktop = workspace()->currentDesktop();
00863     if( asn_data.desktop() != 0 )
00864         desktop = asn_data.desktop();
00865     if( !isOnAllDesktops())
00866         workspace()->sendClientToDesktop( this, desktop, true );
00867     Time timestamp = asn_id.timestamp();
00868     if( timestamp == 0 && asn_data.timestamp() != -1U )
00869         timestamp = asn_data.timestamp();
00870     if( timestamp != 0 )
00871         {
00872         bool activate = workspace()->allowClientActivation( this, timestamp );
00873         if( asn_data.desktop() != 0 && !isOnCurrentDesktop())
00874             activate = false; // it was started on different desktop than current one
00875         if( activate )
00876             workspace()->activateClient( this );
00877         else
00878             demandAttention();
00879         }
00880     }
00881 
00882 void Client::updateUrgency()
00883     {
00884     if( urgency )
00885         demandAttention();
00886     }
00887 
00888 void Client::shortcutActivated()
00889     {
00890     workspace()->activateClient( this, true ); // force
00891     }
00892 
00893 //****************************************
00894 // Group
00895 //****************************************
00896     
00897 void Group::startupIdChanged()
00898     {
00899     KStartupInfoId asn_id;
00900     KStartupInfoData asn_data;
00901     bool asn_valid = workspace()->checkStartupNotification( leader_wid, asn_id, asn_data );
00902     if( !asn_valid )
00903         return;
00904     if( asn_id.timestamp() != 0 && user_time != -1U
00905         && timestampCompare( asn_id.timestamp(), user_time ) > 0 )
00906         {
00907         user_time = asn_id.timestamp();
00908         }
00909     else if( asn_data.timestamp() != -1U && user_time != -1U
00910         && timestampCompare( asn_data.timestamp(), user_time ) > 0 )
00911         {
00912         user_time = asn_data.timestamp();
00913         }
00914     }
00915 
00916 void Group::updateUserTime( Time time )
00917     { // copy of Client::updateUserTime
00918     if( time == CurrentTime )
00919         time = qt_x_time;
00920     if( time != -1U
00921         && ( user_time == CurrentTime
00922             || timestampCompare( time, user_time ) > 0 )) // time > user_time
00923         user_time = time;
00924     }
00925 
00926 } // namespace
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